During the ten years from 1980 to 1990, China’s raw silk production increased from 36,000 tons to 57,000 tons, and the output of silk fabrics more than doubled; the consumption of silk fabrics also increased from 400 million meters to 1.22 billion meters, and the raw silk exports accounted for More than 80% of the world's raw silk trade volume, silk and satin also account for about 50%, regaining the leading position in the world silk market, the silk industry has become the country’s pillar industry for earning foreign exchange, a relatively complete silk industry system has been established, and more than 100 silk products have been sold. Countries and regions.
With the continuous advancement of the technological level of China's silk industry, the pace of technological innovation has also been accelerated, especially the full use of computers, e-commerce platforms and modern information processing. The most typical example is that the popularization of computers makes the silk reeling process completely obsolete the centuries-old vertical reeling car, thereby greatly improving the level of automatic silk reeling in the silk industry. The use of computer monitoring and auxiliary means can fully realize a small batch, multi-variety business model. Mechatronics has become the main feature of the international textile machinery development. Almost all jacquard machines and large circular knitting machines have been equipped with electronic jacquard devices.
The reliability of silk production equipment is the crux of the gap between domestically produced equipment and the advanced level of foreign countries. The domestic sales of domestic textile equipment is only about 10,000 units. However, according to conservative estimates, the annual demand for textile equipment in China's textile industry is as high as 20,000 to 30,000 units.
In the field of raw material application, Chinese scientific research has made remarkable achievements, such as deciphering the mystery of the silkworm genome and successfully cultivating natural color cocoons; overcoming the difficulties of automatic silk reeling and vacuum infiltration cocoon cooking technology; completely mastering the ultrastructure of silk fiber ; In-depth research on the tensile properties of the silkworm silk formed by forced traction and results; the extraction of sericin and silk fibroin from the by-products of silk production has been promoted and applied; the successful development of pure silk/mulberry stretch silk and bulk stretch silk and other pure silk differentiation New textile materials; electronic spinning method to prepare silk fibroin functional nanofibers; environmentally-friendly new dyeing materials, auxiliaries and supporting processes for silk have come out one after another.
In terms of fabric structure, phased results have been achieved in tackling silk problems such as anti-wrinkle, anti-shrinkage, and anti-fading, and have been applied to heavy silk, real silk georgette, artificial silk chemical fiber silk, computer embroidery velvet, etc., adding value to the product Doubled.
The composite of silk textile technology has also made continuous progress, which mainly reflects: the composite technology and processing technology of chemical fibers; the blending and composite of natural fibers; the composite of natural fibers and chemical fibers; the composite of multiple functional finishing; the composite of various fabrics Composite, such as double-layer paste composite, inlay composite composite, sandwich composite, etc.
The advantages and gaps of China's silk industry coexist. Chinese silk export companies compete for international market share mainly through volume growth, which has exacerbated the price chaos in the domestic silk market to a certain extent. As export prices have been declining year after year, the export prices of silk and silks and satin are now only 50-60% of what they were ten years ago. In fact, China's silk and silk exports have long been trapped in a vicious circle of rising prices and falling prices. Although China's silk industry has very good favorable conditions for the production and supply of raw materials, there has never been a brand with a high reputation and a considerable market share in the world. The international objective evaluation of Chinese silk is still stuck in China. Only after finishing in Italy or finishing in France can it be listed in high-end fashion apparel.
For this reason, since 2002, the China National Silk Association has begun to pay attention to the approval and registration of high-end silk marks. On this basis, in 2004, the domestic silk industry listed five brands of all-silk silk products as China's famous brands, and granted the first batch of 17 enterprises the right to use high-end silk logos. The implementation and promotion of the high-end silk logo indicates that the products of Chinese silk enterprises are entering a new period of sublimation from cheap low-grade products to high-end industrial chain areas.
In 2010, the national mulberry orchard area reached 12.031 million mu, the output of silkworm cocoons was 649,000 tons, and the output of raw silk was 162,000 tons, an increase of 3.7%, 5.4% and 30.4% respectively over 2005. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, China's average annual silkworm cocoon output has stabilized at about 650,000 tons, the total output of silk and silk floss products has reached over 120,000 tons, the economic income of sericulture has exceeded 20 billion yuan, and the total output value of the silk industry has reached over 200 billion yuan. The export of real silk products remained above 3.5 billion U.S. dollars. By 2015, energy consumption per unit value added in the fields of cocoon drying and silk printing and dyeing will be reduced by more than 20% compared to the end of the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, and water consumption per unit value added in the silk industry will be reduced by more than 30%. The comprehensive utilization rate of waste is increased to more than 80%.
